РУС Home About How to Use Languages: List Languages: Map Languages: Genealogy Features Queries
Home About How to Use Languages: List Languages: Map Languages: Genealogy Features Queries (РУС)

Yazghulami language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Yazgulyam, Iazgulem, Yazgulam

Open the encyclopedia PDF (in Russian)

PDFVolume 7. Iranian languages. III. Eastern Iranian languages
(The file will be loaded and then opened in a new window or tab on the relevant page)

Genealogy

Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Iranian → Southeastern Iranian

Geography

Main country: Tajikistan (show on the map)

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑4] Degrees of vowel backness Front, central and back [A‑4‑3]
[A‑5] Presence of length degrees Absent [A‑5‑2]
[A‑7] Presence of vowel opposition in labialization Absent [A‑7‑2]
[A‑9] Presence of vowel opposition in nasalization Absent [A‑9‑2]
[A‑13] Diphthongs and triphthongs No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑13‑1]
[A‑17] Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation Labial, coronal, palatal, guttural and laryngeal [A‑17‑2]
[A‑18] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation Bilabial and labiodental [A‑18‑2]
[A‑20] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3]
[A‑21] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation Only glottal [A‑21‑2]
[A‑22] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents By labialization and palatalization [A‑22‑5]
[A‑23] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation Nasal, liquid and vibrant [A‑23‑2]
[A‑24] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation Labial and coronal [A‑24‑7]
[A‑25] Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants Absent [A‑25‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑2] Prosodic unit carrier Syllable [B‑2‑1]
[B‑3] Character of prosodic unit by its choice Non-phonological [B‑3‑2]
[B‑5] Stress fixedness Fixed [B‑5‑2]

Syllable

[C‑1] Syllable onset Both null and non-null onset possible [C‑1‑4]
[C‑2] Syllable coda Most syllables have a non-null coda [C‑2‑2]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑2] Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the initial position No consonant clusters [D‑2‑7]
[D‑5] Variants of characteristics of the syllabic structure of words Mainly polysyllabic words [D‑5‑4]
[D‑7] Types of differences between content and function words Differences in accentuation [D‑7‑2]
[D‑7] Types of differences between content and function words Differences in syllable structure [D‑7‑3]
[D‑11] Types of differences between roots and affixes Differences in phonetic structure [D‑11‑1]
[D‑11] Types of differences between roots and affixes Accentual differences [D‑11‑2]
[D‑11] Types of differences between roots and affixes Differences in syllable structure [D‑11‑3]
[D‑12] Functional type of alternations Accompanying and distinctive [D‑12‑4]
[D‑13] Type of altenations Vowel and consonant alternations [D‑13‑6]

Morphological type of language

[E‑2] Fusional type features Phonetically unconditioned stem alternations and cumulative affixes [E‑2‑7]
[E‑3] Agglutinative type features No phonetic alternations in morphemes [E‑3‑4]
[E‑4] Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes Two [F‑1‑2]
[F‑3] Syntactic expression of agreement classes Pronouns [F‑3‑3]
[F‑4] Other means of expressing agreement classes Numeral classifiers [F‑4‑2]
[F‑8] Opposition by person/non-person Lexical, morphological and syntactic [F‑8‑7]
[F‑9] Expression of animacy/inanimacy Lexical, morphological, and syntactic [F‑9‑7]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative [G‑4‑2]
[G‑5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases Singular [G‑5‑1]
[G‑6] Numeral system Decimal [G‑6‑1]

Case meanings

[H‑1] Number of noun cases One-two [H‑1‑1]
[H‑6] Means of expressing spatial relations Adpositions [H‑6‑12]

Verbal categories

[I‑1] Voice forms expression Category of voice is absent [I‑1‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Non-past [I‑5‑5]
[I‑6] Aspect and tense expression Syncretic [I‑6‑2]
[I‑8] Syncretic expression of several verb meanings Person, number, tense, aspect, and modality (mood) [I‑8‑17]
[I‑9] Marking of person in present tense verbs In singular and plural [I‑9‑3]
[I‑10] Transitivity marker Affix and special type of agreement [I‑10‑8]

Deictic categories

[J‑3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action Adpositions [J‑3‑9]
[J‑4] Content words expressing spatial orientation of action Pronouns [J‑4‑4]
[J‑5] Morphological expression of (in)definiteness Absent [J‑5‑1]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Numerals and pronouns [J‑6‑16]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles [J‑8‑3]
[J‑9] Negation marker position Preposition [J‑9‑3]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑1] Personal pronouns inflection Pronominal inflection type [K‑1‑3]
[K‑2] Articles Definite and indefinite [K‑2‑4]
[K‑4] Article place Preposition [K‑4‑1]
[K‑6] Grammar categories of article Definiteness [K‑6‑2]
[K‑7] Number of conjugation types Two types of conjugation [K‑7‑2]
[K‑8] Verb agreement types Subject [K‑8‑2]
[K‑10] Tense expressed by participle Present and past [K‑10‑6]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Absent [K‑12‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Absent [K‑14‑2]
[K‑16] Inflectional categories of noun Number [K‑16‑4]
[K‑17] Cumulative expression of several categories in noun Absent [K‑17‑1]
[K‑18] Inflection means Affixes [K‑18‑2]
[K‑19] Word form model Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑1] Word formation means Derivation and compounding [L‑1‑12]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Accusative with elements of ergativity [M‑1‑7]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]

Complex sentence

[N‑4] Compound sentence types Subordination and compounding [N‑4‑4]
[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Both syndesis and asyndeton possible [N‑5‑3]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

Feature is not applicable to this language