Udi language

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Volume 9. Caucasian languages
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Genealogy

Caucasian → Northeast Caucasian → Lezgic

Geography

Main country: Russian Federation (show on the map)

Identifiers

Glottolog: udii1243
Grambank: udii1243
ISO-639-3: udi
WALS: udi

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1]	Number of degrees of vowel height	Three [A‑1‑2]
[A‑5]	Presence of length degrees	Absent [A‑5‑2]
[A‑7]	Presence of vowel opposition in labialization	Absent [A‑7‑2]
[A‑9]	Presence of vowel opposition in nasalization	Absent [A‑9‑2]
[A‑13]	Diphthongs and triphthongs	No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑13‑1]
[A‑16]	Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation	Plosives, affricates and fricatives [A‑16‑3]
[A‑17]	Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation	Labial, coronal, velar/uvular and laryngeal [A‑17‑4]
[A‑18]	Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation	Bilabial and labiodental [A‑18‑2]
[A‑20]	Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation	Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3]
[A‑21]	Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation	Only pharyngeal [A‑21‑1]
[A‑22]	Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents	Absent [A‑22‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑1]	Basic prosodic unit	Stress [B‑1‑1]
[B‑2]	Prosodic unit carrier	Syllable [B‑2‑1]
[B‑3]	Character of prosodic unit by its choice	Non-phonological [B‑3‑2]
[B‑4]	Stress type (quality characteristics)	Dynamic [B‑4‑1]
[B‑5]	Stress fixedness	Fixed [B‑5‑2]
[B‑6]	Fixed stress types	Strictly fixed [B‑6‑1]
[B‑7]	Stress pattern in inflection	Flexible [B‑7‑1]
[B‑8]	Strictly fixed stress type (by position in a word)	First syllable [B‑8‑1]
[B‑8]	Strictly fixed stress type (by position in a word)	Ultima [B‑8‑6]

Syllable

[C‑1]	Syllable onset	Both null and non-null onset possible [C‑1‑4]
[C‑2]	Syllable coda	Both null and non-null coda possible [C‑2‑4]
[C‑3]	Consonant clusters in syllable	Consonant clusters are only possible at the coda of syllable [C‑3‑3]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑1]	Restrictions on the phonemic structure in the initial position	Present [D‑1‑2]
[D‑2]	Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the initial position	Only consonants possible [D‑2‑2]
[D‑2]	Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the initial position	Limitations on consonant sequences (combinations) [D‑2‑5]
[D‑3]	Restrictions on the phonemic structure in the final position	Present [D‑3‑2]
[D‑4]	Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the final position	Limitations on consonant sequences (combinations) [D‑4‑5]
[D‑4]	Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the final position	No vowel clusters [D‑4‑6]
[D‑6]	Differences between content and function words	Absent [D‑6‑1]
[D‑10]	Differences between roots and affixes	Present [D‑10‑2]

Morphological type of language

No filled features for this language.

Nominal classifications

[F‑5]

Attributive agreement in gender

Absent [F‑5‑1]

Number

[G‑1]	Number in nouns	Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2]	Single number marking	Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑4]	Agreement in number	Predicative and attributive [G‑4‑4]

Case meanings

[H‑4]	Case marking of possessive relations	Genitive or dative [H‑4‑6]
[H‑8]	Case marking of animate and inanimate nouns	Same [H‑8‑1]
[H‑9]	Secondary cases	Present [H‑9‑1]

Verbal categories

[I‑5]	Tense forms	Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5]	Tense forms	Present [I‑5‑2]
[I‑5]	Tense forms	Future [I‑5‑3]

Deictic categories

No filled features for this language.

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2]	Articles	No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑15]	Attributive agreement types	In number [K‑15‑2]

Word formation

No filled features for this language.

Simple sentence

No filled features for this language.

Complex sentence

No filled features for this language.

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

[A-2] Vowel height degrees
[A-3] Opposition in openness/closedness for vowel height degrees
[A-4] Degrees of vowel backness
[A-11] Vowel opposition in pharyngealization
[A-12] Vowel opposition in ATR
[A-15] Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features
[A-19] Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation
[A-23] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation
[A-24] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation
[A-25] Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants
[A-26] Inventory of fricatives by place of articulation
[B-15] Length character
[B-16] Target of vowel harmony
[B-17] Feature of vowel harmony
[B-18] Trigger of vowel harmony
[B-19] Other suprasegmental phenomena
[B-20] Types of phonation
[D-5] Variants of characteristics of the syllabic structure of words
[D-8] Differences between native and borrowed words
[D-9] Types of differences between native and borrowed words
[D-12] Functional type of alternations
[D-13] Type of altenations
[E-1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word
[E-2] Fusional type features
[E-3] Agglutinative type features
[E-4] Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion
[F-1] Number of agreement classes
[F-2] Morphological expression of agreement classes
[F-3] Syntactic expression of agreement classes
[F-4] Other means of expressing agreement classes
[F-6] Agreement of cardinal numerals in gender
[F-7] Nouns classifying categories
[F-8] Opposition by person/non-person
[F-9] Expression of animacy/inanimacy
[G-5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases
[G-6] Numeral system
[H-1] Number of noun cases
[H-2] Subject and object marking
[H-3] Case of nominal predicate
[H-5] Other means of expressing possessive relations
[H-6] Means of expressing spatial relations
[H-7] Dependent nouns in possessive constructions
[I-1] Voice forms expression
[I-2] Voice stacking in the same verb form
[I-3] Double voice forms
[I-4] Voice forms coincidence
[I-6] Aspect and tense expression
[I-7] Expression of tense categories
[I-8] Syncretic expression of several verb meanings
[I-9] Marking of person in present tense verbs
[I-10] Transitivity marker
[J-1] Pronominal words
[J-2] Expression of deictic categories
[J-3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action
[J-4] Content words expressing spatial orientation of action
[J-5] Morphological expression of (in)definiteness
[J-6] Words expressing (in)definiteness
[J-8] Expression of negation
[J-9] Negation marker position
[K-1] Personal pronouns inflection
[K-6] Grammar categories of article
[K-7] Number of conjugation types
[K-8] Verb agreement types
[K-9] Agreement categories expressed in participle
[K-10] Tense expressed by participle
[K-11] Adverb grammar categories
[K-12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective
[K-13] Cumulative expression of several categories in adjective
[K-14] Attribute agreement of adjectives
[K-16] Inflectional categories of noun
[K-17] Cumulative expression of several categories in noun
[K-18] Inflection means
[K-19] Word form model
[L-1] Word formation means
[L-2] Derivation affixes
[L-3] Stems relations in stem compounding
[M-1] Morphosyntactic alignment
[M-2] Word order fixedness
[M-3] Dominant word order
[M-4] Order of nouns and its modifier
[M-5] Pro-drop
[N-1] Clauses order in compound sentence
[N-2] Dependent clause distinctions in complex sentences
[N-3] Dependent clause predicate
[N-4] Compound sentence types
[N-5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton

Feature is not applicable to this language

[A-6] Number of length degrees
[A-8] Vowel opposition in labialization
[A-10] Vowel opposition in nasalization
[A-14] Types of diphthongs
[B-9] Limited stress carriers
[B-10] Tonema types
[B-11] Number of level tones
[B-12] Level tone types
[B-13] Number of contour tone levels
[B-14] Contour tonema types
[D-7] Types of differences between content and function words
[G-3] Honorific forms in pronouns and verbs
[J-7] Grammatical ways to express politeness
[K-3] Indefinite article and numeral 'one'
[K-4] Article place
[K-5] Position of article in noun phrase