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Tsez language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Dido

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PDFVolume 9. Caucasian languages
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Genealogy

Caucasian → Northeast Caucasian → Avar-Andic → Tsezic

Geography

Main country: Russian Federation (show on the map)

Area maps from the encyclopedia (in Russian)

Map designer: Yuri Koryakov

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1] Number of degrees of vowel height Three [A‑1‑2] PDF
[A‑2] Vowel height degrees Close, mid and open [A‑2‑3]
[A‑4] Degrees of vowel backness Front and back [A‑4‑2] PDF
[A‑5] Presence of length degrees Present [A‑5‑1] PDF
[A‑6] Number of length degrees Two [A‑6‑1] PDF
[A‑7] Presence of vowel opposition in labialization Present [A‑7‑1] PDF
[A‑8] Vowel opposition in labialization Present for back vowels [A‑8‑3] PDF
[A‑9] Presence of vowel opposition in nasalization Absent [A‑9‑2] PDF
[A‑13] Diphthongs and triphthongs No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑13‑1] PDF
[A‑15] Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features Opposition by voice presence/absence, ejectives present [A‑15‑7]
[A‑16] Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation Plosives, affricates and fricatives [A‑16‑3] PDF
[A‑17] Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation Labial, coronal, palatal, guttural and laryngeal [A‑17‑2] PDF
[A‑18] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation Bilabial and labiodental [A‑18‑2] PDF
[A‑19] Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation Dental and alveolar [A‑19‑6]
[A‑20] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3] PDF
[A‑21] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation Both pharyngeal and glottal [A‑21‑3] PDF
[A‑22] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents Absent [A‑22‑1] PDF

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑1] Basic prosodic unit Stress and tones [B‑1‑4] PDF
[B‑2] Prosodic unit carrier Syllable [B‑2‑1] PDF
[B‑3] Character of prosodic unit by its choice Non-phonological [B‑3‑2] PDF
[B‑4] Stress type (quality characteristics) Dynamic [B‑4‑1] PDF
[B‑5] Stress fixedness Flexible [B‑5‑1] PDF
[B‑7] Stress pattern in inflection Flexible [B‑7‑1] PDF
[B‑10] Tonema types Register and contour [B‑10‑3] PDF
[B‑11] Number of level tones Two [B‑11‑1] PDF
[B‑12] Level tone types High [B‑12‑2]
[B‑12] Level tone types Low [B‑12‑4]
[B‑13] Number of contour tone levels Two [B‑13‑2] PDF
[B‑14] Contour tonema types Rising [B‑14‑1]
[B‑14] Contour tonema types Falling [B‑14‑4]
[B‑16] Target of vowel harmony No vowel harmony [B‑16‑9]

Syllable

[C‑1] Syllable onset Most syllables have a non-null onset [C‑1‑2] PDF
[C‑2] Syllable coda Both null and non-null coda possible [C‑2‑4] PDF

Phonologic structure and phenomena

No filled features for this language.

Morphological type of language

[E‑1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word Agglutinative with some fusional features [E‑1‑2]
[E‑4] Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes Four [F‑1‑4]
[F‑2] Morphological expression of agreement classes Verbal affixes and adjective affixes [F‑2‑4]
[F‑7] Nouns classifying categories Class [F‑7‑5]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative and attributive [G‑4‑4]
[G‑6] Numeral system Vigesimal with elements of decimal [G‑6‑4]

Case meanings

[H‑4] Case marking of possessive relations Genitive [H‑4‑1]

Verbal categories

[I‑9] Marking of person in present tense verbs Absent [I‑9‑1]

Deictic categories

[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles and negative affixes [J‑8‑9]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑1] Personal pronouns inflection Case affixes of pronouns are the same as noun case affixes [K‑1‑2]
[K‑2] Articles No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑7] Number of conjugation types Single type of conjugation [K‑7‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Always present [K‑14‑1]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types In number [K‑15‑2]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types In class [K‑15‑5]
[K‑16] Inflectional categories of noun Number and case [K‑16‑7]
[K‑19] Word form model Prefixal-suffixal [K‑19‑1]

Word formation

[L‑1] Word formation means Derivation, compounding, conversion, and clipping [L‑1‑25]
[L‑2] Derivation affixes Suffixes [L‑2‑2]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Ergative [M‑1‑5]
[M‑2] Word order fixedness Non-fixed [M‑2‑2]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4] Order of nouns and its modifier Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]
[M‑5] Pro-drop Impossible [M‑5‑2]

Complex sentence

[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Syndesis dominant [N‑5‑1]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

Feature is not applicable to this language