РУС Home About How to Use Languages: List Languages: Map Languages: Genealogy Features Queries
Home About How to Use Languages: List Languages: Map Languages: Genealogy Features Queries (РУС)

Kati language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Kamkata-Vari, Bashgali

Open the encyclopedia PDF (in Russian)

PDFVolume 8. Dardic and Nuristani languages
(The file will be loaded and then opened in a new window or tab on the relevant page)

Genealogy

Indo-European → Indo-Iranian → Nuristani

Geography

Main country: Afghanistan (show on the map)

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1] Number of degrees of vowel height Four [A‑1‑3]
[A‑2] Vowel height degrees Close, mid-close, mid-open, and open [A‑2‑6]
[A‑4] Degrees of vowel backness Front, central and back [A‑4‑3]
[A‑5] Presence of length degrees Absent [A‑5‑2]
[A‑17] Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation Labial, coronal, palatal, guttural and laryngeal [A‑17‑2]
[A‑18] Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation Bilabial and labiodental [A‑18‑2]
[A‑20] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3]
[A‑21] Inventory of postuvular obstruents by place of articulation Only glottal [A‑21‑2]
[A‑22] Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents By labialization [A‑22‑2]
[A‑23] Inventory of sonorants by manner of articulation Nasal, liquid, vibrant and glide [A‑23‑6]
[A‑24] Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation Labial, coronal, dorsal and guttural [A‑24‑17]
[A‑25] Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants Absent [A‑25‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑2] Prosodic unit carrier Syllable [B‑2‑1]
[B‑4] Stress type (quality characteristics) Dynamic [B‑4‑1]
[B‑15] Length character Non-phonological [B‑15‑2]

Syllable

No filled features for this language.

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑4] Types of restrictions on the phonemic structure in the final position No consonant clusters [D‑4‑7]
[D‑9] Types of differences between native and borrowed words Differences in phonetic structure [D‑9‑1]
[D‑12] Functional type of alternations Distinctive [D‑12‑3]
[D‑13] Type of altenations Vowel and consonant alternations [D‑13‑6]

Morphological type of language

[E‑1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word Fusional with some agglutinative features [E‑1‑4]
[E‑4] Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes Two [F‑1‑2]
[F‑5] Attributive agreement in gender Only in singular [F‑5‑2]
[F‑6] Agreement of cardinal numerals in gender Absent [F‑6‑1]
[F‑7] Nouns classifying categories Person/non-person [F‑7‑2]
[F‑8] Opposition by person/non-person Lexical and morphological [F‑8‑4]
[F‑9] Expression of animacy/inanimacy Lexical [F‑9‑1]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative [G‑4‑2]
[G‑5] Form of a noun in numeral phrases Singular and plural [G‑5‑3]
[G‑6] Numeral system Vigesimal [G‑6‑6]

Case meanings

[H‑1] Number of noun cases One-two [H‑1‑1]
[H‑4] Case marking of possessive relations Oblique [H‑4‑5]
[H‑8] Case marking of animate and inanimate nouns Same [H‑8‑1]
[H‑9] Secondary cases Absent [H‑9‑2]

Verbal categories

[I‑5] Tense forms Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Present [I‑5‑2]
[I‑5] Tense forms Future [I‑5‑3]
[I‑6] Aspect and tense expression Syncretic [I‑6‑2]
[I‑8] Syncretic expression of several verb meanings Person, number, gender, tense, aspect, and modality (mood) [I‑8‑19]
[I‑9] Marking of person in present tense verbs In singular and plural [I‑9‑3]
[I‑10] Transitivity marker Special type of agreement [I‑10‑5]

Deictic categories

[J‑1] Pronominal words Pronouns-nouns and pronouns-adjectives [J‑1‑11]
[J‑3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action Adpositions [J‑3‑9]
[J‑4] Content words expressing spatial orientation of action Pronouns and adverbs [J‑4‑6]
[J‑5] Morphological expression of (in)definiteness Different cases for definite and indefinite objects [J‑5‑10]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Numerals and pronouns [J‑6‑16]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative particles and negative affixes [J‑8‑9]
[J‑9] Negation marker position Preposition and postposition [J‑9‑9]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2] Articles No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑8] Verb agreement types Subject and object [K‑8‑3]
[K‑9] Agreement categories expressed in participle Gender, number and case [K‑9‑7]
[K‑10] Tense expressed by participle Past and future [K‑10‑7]
[K‑11] Adverb grammar categories Absent [K‑11‑1]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Gender [K‑12‑5]
[K‑13] Cumulative expression of several categories in adjective Absent [K‑13‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Always present [K‑14‑1]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types In gender [K‑15‑4]
[K‑19] Word form model Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑2] Derivation affixes Prefixes and suffixes [L‑2‑3]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Nominative and ergative [M‑1‑10]
[M‑2] Word order fixedness Relatively free [M‑2‑3]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4] Order of nouns and its modifier Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]

Complex sentence

[N‑3] Dependent clause predicate Finite forms [N‑3‑1]
[N‑4] Compound sentence types Subordination and compounding [N‑4‑4]
[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Both syndesis and asyndeton possible [N‑5‑3]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

Feature is not applicable to this language