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Chagatai language †

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PDFVolume 2. Turkic languages
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Genealogy

Altaic → Turkic → Karluk

Geography

Main country: Turkmenistan (show on the map)

Identifiers

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑16] Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation Plosives, affricates and fricatives [A‑16‑3] PDF
[A‑20] Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3] PDF

Prosodic phenomena

No filled features for this language.

Syllable

No filled features for this language.

Phonologic structure and phenomena

No filled features for this language.

Morphological type of language

[E‑1] Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word Agglutinative [E‑1‑1]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1] Number of agreement classes No agreement classes [F‑1‑1]
[F‑7] Nouns classifying categories Person/non-person [F‑7‑2]
[F‑8] Opposition by person/non-person Morphological [F‑8‑2]

Number

[G‑1] Number in nouns Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2] Single number marking Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑3] Honorific forms in pronouns and verbs Absent [G‑3‑1]
[G‑4] Agreement in number Predicative [G‑4‑2]

Case meanings

[H‑1] Number of noun cases Three-seven [H‑1‑2]
[H‑4] Case marking of possessive relations Genitive [H‑4‑1]
[H‑6] Means of expressing spatial relations Postpositions and function nouns [H‑6‑14]

Verbal categories

[I‑1] Voice forms expression Affixes [I‑1‑4]
[I‑5] Tense forms Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5] Tense forms Present [I‑5‑2]
[I‑5] Tense forms Future [I‑5‑3]
[I‑5] Tense forms Non-past [I‑5‑5]
[I‑7] Expression of tense categories Affixes [I‑7‑1]
[I‑9] Marking of person in present tense verbs In singular and plural [I‑9‑3]
[I‑10] Transitivity marker Absent [I‑10‑1]

Deictic categories

[J‑3] Function words expressing spatial orientation of action Postpositions and function nouns [J‑3‑8]
[J‑6] Words expressing (in)definiteness Numerals and pronouns [J‑6‑16]
[J‑8] Expression of negation Negative affixes, verbs and predicatives [J‑8‑21]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2] Articles No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑7] Number of conjugation types Single type of conjugation [K‑7‑1]
[K‑8] Verb agreement types Subject [K‑8‑2]
[K‑12] Agreement categories expressed in adjective Absent [K‑12‑1]
[K‑13] Cumulative expression of several categories in adjective Absent [K‑13‑1]
[K‑14] Attribute agreement of adjectives Absent [K‑14‑2]
[K‑15] Attributive agreement types No attributive agreement [K‑15‑1]
[K‑18] Inflection means Affixes [K‑18‑2]
[K‑19] Word form model Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑2] Derivation affixes Suffixes [L‑2‑2]

Simple sentence

[M‑1] Morphosyntactic alignment Accusative [M‑1‑3]
[M‑3] Dominant word order SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4] Order of nouns and its modifier Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]

Complex sentence

[N‑1] Clauses order in compound sentence Subordinate clause precedes main clause [N‑1‑2]
[N‑3] Dependent clause predicate Both finite and non-finite forms possible [N‑3‑3]
[N‑5] Compound sentence syndesis and asyndeton Both syndesis and asyndeton possible [N‑5‑3]

Unfilled features

The encyclopedia contains no information

The encyclopedia explicitly states lack of data

Feature is not applicable to this language