Bezhta language

Alternative names (including historical names and autoglottonyms): Bezheta, Kapucha

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Volume 9. Caucasian languages
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Genealogy

Caucasian → Northeast Caucasian → Avar-Andic → Tsezic

Geography

Main country: Russian Federation (show on the map)

Area maps from the encyclopedia (in Russian)

Map designer: Yuri Koryakov

Identifiers

Glottolog: bezh1248
Grambank: bezh1248
ISO-639-3: kap
WALS: bez

Features

Phonemic structure

[A‑1]	Number of degrees of vowel height	Three [A‑1‑2]
[A‑2]	Vowel height degrees	Close, mid and open [A‑2‑3]
[A‑4]	Degrees of vowel backness	Front and back [A‑4‑2]
[A‑5]	Presence of length degrees	Present [A‑5‑1]
[A‑6]	Number of length degrees	Two [A‑6‑1]
[A‑7]	Presence of vowel opposition in labialization	Present [A‑7‑1]
[A‑9]	Presence of vowel opposition in nasalization	Present [A‑9‑1]
[A‑10]	Vowel opposition in nasalization	Present for front and back vowels [A‑10‑5]
[A‑13]	Diphthongs and triphthongs	No diphthongs and triphthongs [A‑13‑1]
[A‑15]	Inventory of obstruents by laryngeal features	Ejectives present [A‑15‑3]
[A‑16]	Inventory of obstruents by manner of articulation	Plosives, affricates and fricatives [A‑16‑3]
[A‑17]	Inventory of obstruents by place of articulation	Labial, coronal, palatal, guttural and laryngeal [A‑17‑2]
[A‑18]	Inventory of labial obstruents by place of articulation	Bilabial and labiodental [A‑18‑2]
[A‑19]	Inventory of coronal obstruents by place of articulation	Dental and alveolar [A‑19‑6]
[A‑20]	Inventory of guttural obstruents by place of articulation	Velar and uvular [A‑20‑3]
[A‑22]	Additional articulatory oppositions of obstruents	Absent [A‑22‑1]
[A‑24]	Inventory of sonorants by place of articulation	Labial, coronal and dorsal [A‑24‑14]
[A‑25]	Additional articulatory oppositions of sonorants	Absent [A‑25‑1]

Prosodic phenomena

[B‑1]	Basic prosodic unit	Stress [B‑1‑1]
[B‑2]	Prosodic unit carrier	Syllable [B‑2‑1]
[B‑4]	Stress type (quality characteristics)	Dynamic [B‑4‑1]
[B‑5]	Stress fixedness	Flexible [B‑5‑1]
[B‑10]	Tonema types	Register and contour [B‑10‑3]
[B‑11]	Number of level tones	Two [B‑11‑1]
[B‑12]	Level tone types	High [B‑12‑2]
[B‑12]	Level tone types	Low [B‑12‑4]
[B‑13]	Number of contour tone levels	Two [B‑13‑2]
[B‑14]	Contour tonema types	Rising [B‑14‑1]
[B‑14]	Contour tonema types	Falling [B‑14‑4]
[B‑16]	Target of vowel harmony	No vowel harmony [B‑16‑9]

Syllable

[C‑1]	Syllable onset	No null onset [C‑1‑1]
[C‑2]	Syllable coda	Both null and non-null coda possible [C‑2‑4]
[C‑3]	Consonant clusters in syllable	Consonant clusters are only possible at the coda of syllable [C‑3‑3]

Phonologic structure and phenomena

[D‑11]

Types of differences between roots and affixes

Differences in phonetic structure [D‑11‑1]

Morphological type of language

[E‑1]	Type of language by type of morpheme combination in a word	Agglutinative with some fusional features [E‑1‑2]
[E‑4]	Type of language by degree of morpheme cohesion	Synthetic with elements of analytism [E‑4‑6]

Nominal classifications

[F‑1]	Number of agreement classes	No agreement classes [F‑1‑1]
[F‑7]	Nouns classifying categories	Class [F‑7‑5]

Number

[G‑1]	Number in nouns	Singular and plural [G‑1‑1]
[G‑2]	Single number marking	Unmarked [G‑2‑2]
[G‑6]	Numeral system	Decimal [G‑6‑1]

Case meanings

[H‑1]	Number of noun cases	Eight-twelve [H‑1‑3]
[H‑4]	Case marking of possessive relations	Genitive [H‑4‑1]

Verbal categories

[I‑5]	Tense forms	Past [I‑5‑1]
[I‑5]	Tense forms	Present [I‑5‑2]
[I‑5]	Tense forms	Future [I‑5‑3]
[I‑7]	Expression of tense categories	Auxiliary verbs and affixes [I‑7‑3]
[I‑8]	Syncretic expression of several verb meanings	Tense and negation [I‑8‑10]
[I‑9]	Marking of person in present tense verbs	Absent [I‑9‑1]

Deictic categories

[J‑8]	Expression of negation	Negative affixes [J‑8‑1]
[J‑9]	Negation marker position	Postposition [J‑9‑4]

Parts of speech and inflection

[K‑2]	Articles	No articles [K‑2‑1]
[K‑7]	Number of conjugation types	Single type of conjugation [K‑7‑1]
[K‑14]	Attribute agreement of adjectives	Always present [K‑14‑1]
[K‑15]	Attributive agreement types	In number [K‑15‑2]
[K‑15]	Attributive agreement types	In class [K‑15‑5]
[K‑16]	Inflectional categories of noun	Number and case [K‑16‑7]
[K‑19]	Word form model	Mainly or only suffixal [K‑19‑4]

Word formation

[L‑1]	Word formation means	Conversion, reduplication and compounding [L‑1‑18]
[L‑2]	Derivation affixes	Suffixes [L‑2‑2]

Simple sentence

[M‑1]	Morphosyntactic alignment	Ergative [M‑1‑5]
[M‑2]	Word order fixedness	Non-fixed [M‑2‑2]
[M‑3]	Dominant word order	SOV [M‑3‑2]
[M‑4]	Order of nouns and its modifier	Modifier precedes noun [M‑4‑1]

Complex sentence

No filled features for this language.

Unfilled features